Healthy Eating for Children

Changing Your Family's Eating Habits

Healthy eating means eating a variety of foods from all food groups. It means choosing fewer foods that have lots of fats and sugar. But it does not mean that your child cannot eat desserts or other treats now and then.

With a little planning, you can create a structure that gives your child (and you) the freedom to make healthy eating choices. Think of this as planning not just for the kids but for everyone in your family.

First steps

• Set up a regular snack and meal schedule. Kids need to eat at least every 3 to 4 hours. Most children do well with three meals and two or three snacks a day.
• Eat meals together as a family as often as possible.
• Start with small, easy-to-achieve changes, such as offering more fruits and vegetables at meals and snacks.
• Look at your portion sizes. Remember that younger children may eat smaller amounts than adults. Although paying attention to portion sizes is important (especially of less-nutritious foods), it is up to your child to decide how much food he or she needs to eat at a meal to feel full.
• Slowly cut down on soda pop and other high-sugar drinks. At mealtime, serve whole milk to children under the age of 2 (the essential fatty acids in whole milk are needed for brain growth and development). Serve non-fat or low-fat milk to children over the age of 2 (at this age, children will be getting enough fat in their diet to supply these nutrients). At other times of the day, serve water to quench thirst. You can encourage your child to drink more water and fewer sugar-sweetened drinks by keeping cold water on hand in the refrigerator.
• Use Canada's Food Guide to Healthy Eating as a general guide for planning meals and to get an idea of the variety of foods to offer to your family.
• Consider meeting with a registered dietitian for help with meal and snack planning (nutritional counselling). For basic information about nutrition, see the topic Healthy Eating.
• When trying new foods at a meal, be sure to also include a food that your child likes. Don't be discouraged if it takes several tries before your child actually eats a new food. On average, it takes 8 to 12 tries for a child to accept a new food.
• Even though your child may not eat the food, it is important to keep serving it so that your child can see other family members enjoying it. Also, you child should not think that meals are going to get planned only around his or her food preferences. Remember, you are in charge of deciding which foods are served at meal and snacks.

If you are feeling out of control over your own eating habits or weight, your child may be learning some poor eating habits from you. See a registered dietitian or your doctor if necessary. For more information, see the topics Healthy Eating and Healthy Weight.

Encourage healthy choices

Help your child learn to make healthy food and lifestyle choices by following these steps:

• Be a good role model. Practice the eating and exercise habits you'd like your children to have. Your example is your child's most powerful learning tool.
• Increase active time. Make physical activity a part of your family's daily life. Set limits on your child's daily TV and computer time to no more than 2 hours a day.
• Eat breakfast. Having breakfast with your child can help start a lifelong healthy habit.
• Involve your child in meal planning and grocery shopping. When your child is old enough, teach him or her about food preparation, cooking and food safety and, later, how to use food label information. While giving your child a role in decision making, remember that you have the final say in food planning.
• Involve your child in cooking. Children enjoy helping out, and they learn easily with hands-on experience. They can also use other skills, such as math, when counting or measuring ingredients.

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Author:	Ralph Poore Caroline Rea, RN, BS, MS	Last Updated: November 9, 2007
Medical Review:	Ruth Schneider, MPH, RD - Diet and Nutrition Joanne P. Ikeda, MA, RD - Nutrition Education Specialist and Lecturer Andrew Swan, MD, CCFP, FCFP - Family Medicine
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