High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

References

Citations

  1. Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (2003). Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure JNC Express (NIH Publication No. 03–5233). Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

  2. Halperin RO, et al. (2006). Dyslipidemia and the risk of incident hypertension in men. Hypertension, 47(1): 45–50.

  3. Rudd P, Osterberg LG (2002). Hypertension: Context, pathophysiology, and management. In EJ Topol, ed., Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, pp. 91–122. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

  4. Vasan R, et al. (2001). Impact of high-normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 345(18): 1291–1297.

  5. Nieto F, et al. (2000). Association of sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and hypertension in a large, community-based study. JAMA, 283(14): 1829–1836.

  6. Davidson K, et al. (2000). Do depression symptoms predict early hypertension incidence in young adults in the CARDIA study? Archives of Internal Medicine, 160(10): 1495–1500.

  7. Canadian Hypertension Education Program (CHEP) (2007). Hypertension: 2007 public recommendations. Available online: http://www.hypertension.ca/chep/public/publicEducationva.asp.

  8. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Agency for Healthcare and Research (2003). Screening for Diabetes Mellitus, Adult Type 2. Available online: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsdiab.htm.

  9. Padwal R, et al. (2001). Cardiovascular risk factors and their effects on the decision to treat hypertension: Evidence-based review. BMJ, 322(7292): 977–980.

  10. Elliott W, et al. (2000). Cost-effectiveness of the lower treatment goal (of JNC 6) for diabetic hypertensive patients. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160(9): 1277–1283.

  11. Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study (HOPE) Investigators (2000). Effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. New England Journal of Medicine, 342(3): 145–153.

  12. Pignone M, Mulrow C (2001). Using cardiovascular risk profiles to individualise hypertensive treatment. BMJ, 322(7295): 1164–1166.

  13. Whelton PK, et al, (2002). Primary prevention of hypertension: Clinical and public health advisory from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. JAMA, 288(15): 1882–188.

  14. Douglas JG (2005). Clinical guidelines for the treatment of hypertension in African Americans. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 5(1): 1–6.

  15. Flachskampf FA, et al. (2007). Randomized trial of acupuncture to lower blood pressure. Circulation, 115(24): 3121–3129.

Other Works Consulted

  • American Heart Association. (2005). Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals. Part 1: Blood pressure measurement in humans. AHA Scientific Statement. Hypertension, 45(1): 142–161.

  • Appel LJ, et al. (2006). Dietary approaches to prevent and treat hypertension: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension, 47(2): 296–308.

  • Campbell N (2003). Hypertension. In J Gray, ed., Therapeutic Choices, 4th ed., pp. 217–238. Ottawa: Canadian Pharmacists Association.

  • Canadian Hypertension Education Program (2007). 2007 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations: The scientific summary—An annual update. Available online: http://www.hypertension.ca/chep/en/PublicEducHealtPro.asp.

  • Curhan GC, et al. (2002). Frequency of analgesic use and risk of hypertension in younger women. Archives of Internal Medicine, 162(19): 2204–2208.

  • Dahlöf B, et al. (2005). Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial-blood pressure lowering arm (ASCOT-BPLA): A multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 366(9489): 895–906.

  • Elliot WJ, et al. (2004). Hypertension: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. In V Fuster et al., eds., Hurst's The Heart, 11th ed., vol. 2, pp. 1531–1573. New York: McGraw-Hill.

  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2006). Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure With DASH (NIH Publication No. 06-4082). Available online: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/hbp/dash/new_dash.pdf.

  • Schwartz GL, Sheps SG (2004). Hypertension. In DC Dale, DD Federman, eds., Scientific American Medicine, section 1, chap 3. New York: WebMD.

  • Sheridan SL, Pignone M (2005). Primary prevention: Hypertension. Clinical Evidence (14): 151–159.

  • Victor R (2004). Arterial hypertension. In L Goldman, D Ausiello, eds., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 22nd ed., vol. 1, pp. 346–363. Philadelphia: Saunders.


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Author: Carrie Henley
Robin Parks, MS
Last Updated: July 30, 2007
Medical Review: Anne C. Poinier, MD - Internal Medicine
Caroline S. Rhoads, MD - Internal Medicine
Stephen Fort, MD, MRCP, FRCPC - Interventional Cardiology
Robert A. Kloner, MD, PhD - Cardiology
Ruth Schneider, MPH, RD - Diet and Nutrition

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