Obesity

References

Citations

  1. Purnell JQ (2005). Obesity. In DC Dale, DD Federman, eds., ACP Medicine, section 3, chap. 10. New York: WebMD.

  2. Lau DCW, et al. (2007). 2006 Canadian clinical practice guidelines on the management and prevention of obesity in adults and children (summary). Canadian Medical Association Journal, 176(Suppl 8): S1–S13.

  3. American Gastroenterological Association (2002). AGA technical review on obesity. Gastroenterology, 123(3): 882–932. [Erratum in Gastroenterology, 123(5): 1752.]

  4. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (2000). The Practical Guide: Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults (NIH Publication No. 00-4084). Available online: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/obesity/prctgd_c.pdf.

  5. Pirozzo S, et al. (2006). Advice on low-fat diets for obesity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1). Oxford: Update Software.

  6. Klien S, Romijin JA (2003). Obesity. In PR Larsen et al., eds., Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 10th ed, pp. 1619–1641. Philadelphia: Saunders.

  7. Bravata DM, et al. (2003). Efficacy and safety of low-carbohydrate diets: A systematic review. JAMA, 289(14): 1837–1850.

  8. Haskell WL, et al. (2007). Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation, 116(9): 1081–1093.

  9. Stevens VJ, et al. (2001). Long-term weight loss and changes in blood pressure: Results of the trials of hypertension prevention, phase II. Annals of Internal Medicine 134(1): 1–11.

  10. Stenius-Aarniala B, et al. (2000). Immediate and long-term effects of weight reduction in obese people with asthma: Randomised controlled study. BMJ, 320(7238): 827–832.

  11. Dansinger ML, et al., (2005). Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone diets for weight loss and heart disease risk reduction. JAMA, 293(1): 43–53.

  12. Tsai AG, Wadden TA, (2005). Systematic review: An evaluation of major commercial weight loss programs in the United States. Annals of Internal Medicine, 142(1): 56–67.

  13. Hensrud DD (2000). Pharmacotherapy for obesity. Medical Clinics of North America, 84(2): 463–476.

  14. Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA (2002). Drug therapy: Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine, 346(8): 591–602.

  15. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2004). Gastrointestinal Surgery for Severe Obesity (NIH Publication No. 04-4006). Available online: http://www.win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/gastric.htm.

Other Works Consulted

  • Elliot K (2003). Nutritional considerations after bariatric surgery. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 26(2): 133–158.

  • Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E (2005). Obesity. In DL Kasper et al., eds., Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th ed., vol. 1, pp. 422–429. New York: McGraw-Hill.

  • Gregg EW, et al. (2003). Intentional weight loss and death in overweight and obese U.S. adults 35 years of age and older. JAMA, 138(5): 383–389.

  • Janssen I, et al. (2002). Body mass index, waist circumference, and health risk. Archives of Internal Medicine, 162(18): 2074–2079.

  • Lau DCW (2003). Obesity. In J Gray, ed., Therapeutic Choices, 4th ed., pp. 1096–1104. Ottawa: Canadian Pharmacists Association.

  • Maggard A, et al. (2005). Meta-analysis: Surgical treatment of obesity. Annals of Internal Medicine, 142(7): 547–559.

  • Murray MT, Pizzorno JE Jr (2006). Obesity. In JE Pizzorno Jr, MT Murray, eds., Textbook of Natural Medicine, 3rd ed., vol. 2, pp.1947–1960. St. Louis: Churchill Livingstone.

  • Noël PH, Pugh JA (2002). Management of overweight and obese adults. BMJ, 325(7367): 757–761.

  • Snow V, et al. (2005). Pharmacologic and surgical management of obesity in primary care: A clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine, 142(7): 525–531.


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Author: Douglas Dana
Caroline Rea, RN, BS, MS
Last Updated: July 27, 2007
Medical Review: Anne C. Poinier, MD - Internal Medicine
Caroline S. Rhoads, MD - Internal Medicine
Matthew I. Kim, MD - Endocrinology & Metabolism
David C.W. Lau, MD, PhD, FRCPC - Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Topic Contents
 Overview
 Health Tools Click here to view Health Tools.
 Cause
 Health Risks of Obesity
 Making Changes
 Examinations and Tests
 Treatment Overview
 Health Benefits of Weight Loss
 Weight-Loss Programs and Strategies
 Medications
 Surgery
 Other Places To Get Help
 Related Information
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 Credits