Bone Mineral Density

DEXA Scan

What To Think About

• Experts disagree about which bones are best to use for BMD measurements. Bones in the lower spine and hip are tested most often. These bones generally have the most bone loss and are more likely to fracture. Sometimes bones in the wrist are measured. Ultrasound testing is done on the bone in the heel.
• A BMD measurement should be done only when the information provided by the test will affect treatment decisions. BMD does not need to be measured more often than every 2 years to find out how well treatment is working.
• Using DEXA to measure bone mineral density is replacing older methods, such as dual photon absorptiometry (DPA).
• Regular X-rays cannot detect mild bone loss. A bone must lose at least a quarter of its weight before a regular X-ray can detect the problem.
• If your bone density is lower than normal, you can increase bone density and strength by taking calcium and vitamin D supplements, exercising, lifting weights or using weight machines, and taking some medicines. For more information about how you can increase your bone strength and density, see the topic Osteoporosis.
• Measuring BMD is recommended for women older than age 65 and for women ages 60 to 65 who have risk factors for osteoporosis.

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Author:	Jan Nissl, RN, BS	Last Updated: February 22, 2007
Medical Review:	Joy Melnikow, MD, MPH - Family Medicine Carla J. Herman, MD, MPH - Internal Medicine Andrew Swan, MD, CCFP, FCFP - Family Medicine
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