Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
References
Citations
Speroff L, Fritz MA (2005). Postmenopausal hormone therapy. Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility, 7th ed., pp. 689–777. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Rossouw JE, et al. (2007). Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age and years since menopause. JAMA, 297(13): 1465–1477.
Rowe T (2006). Canadian Consensus Conference on Menopause. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 28(Special Edition): S1–S92. Available online: http://www.sogc.org/guidelines/documents/jogc%2Dsuppl%2D1eng%2D06.pdf.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2003). Postmenopausal hormone therapy: Questions and answers. Available online: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/women/q_a.htm.
Brown JP, et al. (2006). Canadian Consensus Conference on Osteoporosis, 2006 update. SOGC Clinical Practice Guideline No. 172. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 28(Special Edition): S95–S112. Available online: http://www.sogc.org/guidelines/documents/JOGC-suppl-1eng-osteoporosis.pdf.
Rossouw JE, et al. (2002). Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 288(3): 321–333.
Speroff L, Fritz MA (2005). Menopause and the perimenopausal transition. In Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility, 7th ed., pp. 621–688. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Rapkin AJ, et al. (2002). The clinical nature and formal diagnosis of premenstrual, postpartum, and perimenopausal affective disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 4(6): 419–428.
Wassertheir-Smoller S (2003). Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women. The Women's Health Initiative: A randomized trial. JAMA, 289(20): 2673–2684.
Manson JE, et al. (2003). Estrogen plus progestin and the risk of coronary heart disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 349(6): 523–534.
Grodstein F, et al. (2006). Hormone therapy and coronary heart disease: The role of time since menopause and age at hormone initiation. Journal of Women's Health, 15(1): 35–44.
Prentice RL, et al. (2006). Combined analysis of Women's Health Initiative observational and clinical trial data on postmenopausal hormone treatment and cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Epidemiology, 163(7): 589–599.
Chlebowski T, et al. (2003). Influence of estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in healthy postmenopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative randomized trial. JAMA, 289(24): 3243–3253.
Kerlikowske K, et al. (2003). Prognostic characteristics of breast cancer among postmenopausal hormone users in a screened population. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21(23): 4314–4321.
Shumaker SA, et al. (2003). Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women. The Women's Health Initiative memory study: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 289(20): 2651–2662.
Solomon CG, Dluhy RG (2003). Rethinking postmenopausal hormone therapy. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(7): 579–580.
Barr RG, et al. (2004). Prospective study of postmenopausal hormone use and newly diagnosed asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Archives of Internal Medicine, 164(4): 379–386.
Million Women Study Collaborators (2003). Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the Million Women Study. Lancet, 362(9382): 419–427.
| Author: | Kathe Gallagher, MSW Carrie Henley | Last Updated: August 4, 2006 |
| Medical Review: | Joy Melnikow, MD, MPH - Family Medicine Tom Bailey, MD - Family Medicine Carla J. Herman, MD, MPH - Internal Medicine | |
 | ||
| |
| Topic Contents | |
| Examples | |
| How It Works | |
| Why It Is Used | |
| How Well It Works | |
| Side Effects | |
| What To Think About | |
| References | |