Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Important
It is possible that the main title of the report Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report.

Synonyms

Acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
NDI
Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
Vasopressin-Resistant Diabetes Insipidus
Hereditary Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Disorder Subdivisions

None

General Discussion

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare kidney disorder that may be inherited or acquired. NDI is not related to the more common diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes), in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. NDI is a distinct disorder caused by complete or partial resistance of the kidneys to arginine vasopressin (AVP). Vasopressin is an antidiuretic hormone used by the kidney to manage water balance in the body. NDI causes chronic excessive thirst (polydipsia), excessive urine production (polyuria), and potentially dehydration. If left untreated, repeated episodes of severe dehydration may develop, eventually resulting in serious complications. Most cases of hereditary NDI are inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. Rare cases are inherited as an autosomal recessive or dominant trait. Two different genes have been identified that cause hereditary NDI.

NDI may also be acquired during life as a result of drug use (e.g.,lithium therapy), kidney disease, obstruction of the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder (ureters), and prolonged metabolic imbalances such as low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia) or low levels of calcium in the blood (hypocalcemia). NDI may also be a complication associated with pregnancy.

Resources

March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
Tel: (914)428-7100
Fax: (914)997-4763
Tel: (888)663-4637
Email: Askus@marchofdimes.com
Internet: http://www.marchofdimes.com

Diabetes Insipidus Foundation, Inc.
5203 New Prospect Court
Ellicott City, MD 21043
United States
Tel: 4104800880
Email: info@diabetesinsipidus.org
Internet: http://www.diabetesinsipidus.org

NIH/National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse
1 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3560
Tel: (301)654-3327
Fax: (301)907-8906
Tel: (800)891-5388
Email: DDIC@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: http://www.niddk.nih.gov

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Foundation
PO Box 1390
Main Street
Eastsound, WA 98245
USA
Fax: 8883766356
Tel: 8883766343
Email: info@ndif.org
Internet: http://www.ndif.org

For a Complete Report

This is an abstract of a report from the National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. ® (NORD). A copy of the complete report can be obtained for a small fee by visiting the NORD website. The complete report contains additional information including symptoms, causes, affected population, related disorders, standard and investigational treatments (if available), and references from medical literature. For a full-text version of this topic, see http://www.rarediseases.org/search/rdblist.html

The information provided in this report is not intended for diagnostic purposes. It is provided for informational purposes only. NORD recommends that affected individuals seek the advice or counsel of their own personal physicians.
It is possible that the title of this topic is not the name you selected. Please check the Synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and Disorder Subdivision(s) covered by this report.
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through the date at the end of the topic. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current information about this disorder.
For additional information and assistance about rare disorders, please contact the National Organization for Rare Disorders at P.O. Box 1968, Danbury, CT 06813-1968; phone (203) 744-0100; web site www.rarediseases.org or email orphan@rarediseases.org
Last Updated: 10/12/2007
Copyright 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2006, 2007 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.

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