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An infant begins learning about the world right from the moment of birth, through the senses of hearing, sight, taste, smell and touch. Even before birth, babies can hear the sounds of the mother's body, and some sounds from the world outside. Babies use their sense of hearing to develop the amazing power of language in just a few short years. This development can be rapid and can seem almost effortless.
Without good hearing, learning how to speak can be a long and difficult process. Some learning experiences may be missed. It is important to recognize the signs of hearing loss in infants and toddlers as early as possible. In this way, the problems which may result from hearing loss, can be lessened or prevented.
Babies can not tell us if they do not hear well, but there are signs to watch for. Parents are usually the first to know if there is a problem. Be aware of the way that infants and toddlers develop responses to sounds and understanding of language. Use the chart on the back of this page as a guideline. You can help to detect hearing loss very early.
Babies can hear the all the same sounds that you can hear, but the ability to respond to these sounds develops gradually. Newborns have clear reactions (like a startle) to very loud sounds, but reactions to softer sounds may not be so obvious. An infant will quickly learn to recognize voices, and may become still or look around in response. However, a baby will not turn to the source of sound accurately until 4-6 months.
Certain factors in an infant's history may increase the chance of a hearing loss:
If your baby has any condition associated with hearing loss, a hearing test may be scheduled, or you may request one.
Most hearing losses in young children are temporary or medically treatable. A test by an audiologist will determine if this is the case. An audiologist is a person who has special training in hearing testing.
A few children will have permanent hearing loss. The earlier it is detected, the earlier help can be provided.
Your doctor or public health nurse will refer you for a test with an audiologist if you are concerned. The examination is designed for your baby's age level, and usually takes about 20 minutes. Results will show whether hearing is adequate, and what other steps may help. In some cases, repeat testing or specialized testing may be necessary.
Observe your baby's development and provide opportunities for learning. If you suspect a problem, don't delay! All babies and toddlers can be given an accurate hearing test. It's never too early to ask.
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